Wahyu 6:2

6:2 So ¹  I looked, ²  and here came ³  a white horse! The ⁴  one who rode it ⁵  had a bow, and he was given a crown, ⁶  and as a conqueror ⁷  he rode out to conquer.

Wahyu 9:2

9:2 He ⁸  opened the shaft of the abyss and smoke rose out of it ⁹  like smoke from a giant furnace. The ¹⁰  sun and the air were darkened with smoke from the shaft.

Wahyu 12:1

The Woman, the Child, and the Dragon

12:1 Then ¹¹  a great sign appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, and with the moon under her feet, and on her head was a crown of twelve stars. ¹² 

Wahyu 12:9

12:9 So ¹³  that huge dragon – the ancient serpent, the one called the devil and Satan, who deceives the whole world – was thrown down to the earth, and his angels along with him.

Wahyu 16:17

16:17 Finally ¹⁴  the seventh angel ¹⁵  poured out his bowl into the air and a loud voice came out of the temple from the throne, saying: “It is done!”

Wahyu 22:2

22:2 flowing down the middle of the city’s ¹⁶  main street. ¹⁷  On each side ¹⁸  of the river is the tree of life producing twelve kinds ¹⁹  of fruit, yielding its fruit every month of the year. ²⁰  Its leaves are for the healing of the nations.

[6:2]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of hearing the voice summon the first rider.

[6:2]  ² tc The reading “and I looked” (καὶ εἶδον, kai eidon) or some slight variation (e.g., ἶδον, idon) has excellent ms support ({א A C P 1611}) and its omission seems to come through the mss that have already placed “and look” (καὶ ἴδε or καὶ βλέπε [kai ide or kai blepe]) after the verb “come” (ἔρχου, ercou) as mentioned in the text-critical note on 6:1. Thus, for these copyists it was redundant to add “and I looked” again.

[6:2]  ³ tn The phrase “and here came” expresses the sense of καὶ ἰδού (kai idou).

[6:2]  ⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[6:2]  ⁵ tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”

[6:2]  sn The one who rode it. The identity of the first rider on the white horse has been discussed at great length by interpreters. Several answers are given: (1) A number understand the rider on the white horse to be Christ himself, identifying this horse and rider with the one mentioned in 19:11, where the identification is clear (cf. 19:13, 16). It must be noted, though, that there is little in common between the two riders beyond the white horse. The word for “crown” is different, the armament is different, and the context here is different (conquest vs. retribution), with three other horsemen bringing catastrophe following. (2) Others see the rider on the white horse representing a spirit of military conquest that dominates human history and leads to the catastrophes that follow. (3) Another possibility is that the white horse rider represents the Antichrist, who appears later in Rev 11:7; 13:17, and whose similarity to Christ explains the similarity with the rider in 19:11. This interpretation has been discussed at length by M. Rissi, “The Rider on the White Horse: A Study of Revelation 6:1-8,” Int 18 (1964): 407-18. This interpretation is the most probable one.

[6:2]  ⁶ sn See the note on the word crown in Rev 3:11.

[6:2]  ⁷ tn The participle νικῶν (nikwn) has been translated as substantival, the subject of the verb ἐξῆλθεν (exhlqen). Otherwise, as an adverbial participle of manner, it is somewhat redundant: “he rode out conquering and to conquer.”

[9:2]  ⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[9:2]  ⁹ tn Grk “the shaft,” but since this would be somewhat redundant in English, the pronoun “it” is used here.

[9:2]  ¹⁰ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[12:1]  ¹¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[12:1]  ¹² sn Sun…moon…stars. This imagery is frequently identified with the nation Israel because of Joseph’s dream in Gen 37.

[12:9]  ¹³ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the result of the war in heaven.

[16:17]  ¹⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “finally” to indicate the conclusion of the seven bowl judgments.

[16:17]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “the seventh”; the referent (the seventh angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:2]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “its”; the referent (the city, the new Jerusalem) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:2]  ¹⁷ tn The Greek word πλατεῖα (plateia) refers to a major (broad) street (L&N 1.103).

[22:2]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “From here and from there.”

[22:2]  ¹⁹ tn Or “twelve crops” (one for each month of the year).

[22:2]  ²⁰ tn The words “of the year” are implied.